Modeling and Control of Variable Pitch and Variable Speed Wind Turbine by using Matrix Converter

In order to meet increasing power demand, taking into account economical and environmental factors, wind energy conversion is gradually gaining interest as a suitable source of renewable energy. In this paper, The modeling of the Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) with Matrix converter i s p r o p o s e d . The matrix converter, as a power electronic converter, is used to interface the induction generator with the grid and control the wind turbine shaft speed. At a given wind velocity, the mechanical power available from a wind turbine is a function of its shaft speed. Through the matrix converter, the terminal voltage and frequency of the induction generator is controlled, based on a constant V/f strategy, to adjust the turbine shaft speed and accordingly, control the active power injected into the grid to track maximum power for all wind velocities. The power factor at the interface with the grid is also controlled by the matrix converter to either ensure purely active power injection into the grid for optimal utilization of the installed wind turbine capacity or assist in regulation of voltage at the point of connection. Furthermore, the reactive power requirements of the induction generator are satisfied by the matrix converter to avoid use of self-excitation capacitors. The Space Vector pulse width Modulation (SVPWM) technique is used for matrix converter to control the generator rotor current. The Matrix converter is good for controlling torque (load changes in wind turbine), fault current power flow in the lines in WECS. In this paper the controller is tuned for fault current limitations and optimal power flow. The modeling of the complete system is done in MATLABSIMULINK. General Terms Induction Generator, Matrix converter, Wind Turbine, Variable Speed, Power Control.